BANKRUPTCY LAW

• Bankruptcy is a legal process where someone who is insolvent surrenders their assets to a Licensed Insolvency Trustee (LIT) in exchange for debt relief.
• Insolvency is a financial state where someone is unable to pay their debts, while bankruptcy is the legal process that can be used to deal with insolvency.
• A state of financial distress where someone can't meet their financial obligations.
• Can be caused by many factors, including job loss, unexpected health issues, or living beyond one's means.
• The LIT sells the assets to pay off the debtor's debts.
• Bankruptcy can stop lawsuits and wage garnishments from creditors.
• Countries have laws that govern bankruptcy and insolvency. Those laws specify which debts can and cannot be discharged through bankruptcy.

BUSINESS LAW

Business law is a set of rules and regulations that govern how businesses operate. It protects businesses, their customers, and their employees by ensuring that businesses are fair and transparent.

Business law includes:

• How a business is created
• How a business is run
• How a business handles contracts
• How a business hires and pays employees
• How a business protects its intellectual property
• How a business sells goods and services
• How a business merges with other businesses
• How a business handles bankruptcy
• How a business deals with real estate
• Business law ensures that businesses operate legally and morally
• All commercial matters, business decisions, business transactions, business debts, employee rights, contract drafting, regulatory compliance, limited liability, mercantile law, and any other legal requirements are part of business law.

If you want to start a business or have started a business alone or with someone, you need legal advice and assistance.

CONSUMER LAW

Consumer protection laws are regulations that protect consumers from unsafe, misleading, or exploitative business practices. They ensure that businesses are honest and that consumers are well-informed. Consumers are protected and compensated from unfair practices, lack of transparency, and exploitation in consumer transactions.

CORPORATE LAW

Corporate law, also known as company law, is a set of laws that govern the rights, relationships, and operations of a corporation. It covers the formation, funding, management, and dissolution of a corporation. Corporate Law covers the following:

• defines the rights, duties, and obligations of all stakeholders involved in a corporation.
• ensures that businesses operate fairly and freely.
• prohibits discrimination based on size, market share, or capital.
• allows corporations of any size to enter and exit the market easily.
• regulates the relationship between investors and corporations.
• regulates the relationship between shareholders and corporations.
• Corporate law regulates the relationship between directors and corporations.
• regulates the relationship between employees and corporations.
• regulates the relationship between creditors and corporations.

Corporate lawyers can help with mergers and acquisitions, corporate financing, annual tax filing, litigation, joint venture agreements and many more.

CRIMINAL LAW

Criminal law is the body of laws that define and punish criminal behavior. It protects people, property, and society's values. It defines what behavior is considered criminal and sets out the penalties for committing a crime. It outlines how to investigate and prosecute crimes. It describes what reasons a person can use to avoid punishment. It sets out how to help people who have committed crimes.

If you are suspected of or being investigated for alleged crime, arrested by police, or charged you need a lawyer.

EDUCATION LAW

Education law covers all legal matters related to education. Its scope includes the rights of students, teachers, and schools. The field involves public education systems and private schools across the country, from kindergarten through high school and beyond. Going through student discipline, bullying and harassment, student records and privacy breach.

Special education law is a significant part of education law. It focuses on ensuring the rights of students with special needs are protected. It also helps ensure such students receive appropriate educational services.

EMPLOYMENT LAW

Employment law is a set of laws that govern the relationship between employees and their employers. It protects the rights of employees and ensures that employers treat them fairly. Employment law generally applies to individual employment contracts

Topics covered by environmental law include:

• Wages: Minimum wage, overtime pay, and other compensation
• Hours: Maximum hours per day and week, and when overtime applies
• Benefits: Pension plans, retirement, and other benefits
• Safety: Occupational safety and health, and workplace conduct
• Leave: Family and medical leave, maternity leave, parental leave, and compassionate care leave
• Discrimination: Prohibits discrimination in the workplace
• Human rights:Protects employees from discrimination and other human rights violations
• Termination: Provides protection in case of termination, including notice or pay in lieu of notice

ENVIRONMENT LAW

Environmental law is a set of laws, regulations, and agreements that govern how people interact with the environment. The goal of environmental law is to protect and improve the environment.

Topics covered by environmental law include:

• Pollution control
• Waste management
• Endangered species preservation
• Air and water pollution
• Greenhouse gas emissions
• Ocean disposal
• Environmental emergencies

FAMILY LAW

Family law is a branch of law that governs legal issues related to family relationships. It applies to a variety of relationships, including married spouses, unmarried spouses, parents, and child's caregivers.

Family law covers issues such as:

Marriage, Separation, Divorce, Parenting, Child Support, Spouse Support, Dividing property, Adoption, Family violence, Paternity, and Custody.

Family law is also known as matrimonial law or the law of domestic relations in some countries.

Examples of family law issues:

• Determining who is the child's parent
• Determining who is the child's guardian
• Making parenting orders when guardians live apart
• Deciding whether a person is married or single, legitimate or illegitimate
• In some countries, there are both federal and provincial family laws governing different aspects of family law.

Family law lawyers assist individuals, couples, and families with legal matters arising from their separation, such as parenting, decision-making authority, child support, spousal support, and the division of property and/or equalization of net family property. They can also guide and assist the parties in filing for a divorce with the court and assist individuals and couples with the drafting and execution of a cohabitation agreement or a marriage contract. It is wise to seek legal advice and assistance through these difficult situations.

HEALTH LAW

Health laws are a set of rules that govern the rights and responsibilities of individuals, organizations, and governments in relation to health. They regulate health services, public health, and the distribution of resources.

• Health laws protect the health of the public and ensure the equitable distribution of resources.
• Health laws regulate the delivery of health services, including the roles and responsibilities of health care providers and institutions.
• Health laws formalize commitments to goals, such as health insurance coverage.
• Health laws create organizations, such as hospitals, and relationships, such as contracts for health services.

Health law includes the law of public health, health care generally, and medical care specifically.

There are many rules that structure what health organizations and individuals should do, and what they may not do. They include statutory laws, regulatory and administrative laws, contracts, case law, and customary laws. Health law impacts who can receive health care services and who should pay for these services.

HOUSING LAW

Housing laws are laws that govern the relationship between landlords and tenants, and the standards for housing itself. These laws include human rights laws, minimum housing standards, residential tenancies laws like landlord and tenant issues, including possession, forfeiture, homelessness, unlawful eviction, disrepair, major works charges, housing fitness, regulation and licensing.

Human rights laws

• Prohibit discrimination in housing advertising, applications, and tenant selection
• Require landlords to accommodate tenants' requests, unless it causes undue hardship
• The government taxes the deceased person's estate before any money is released to the beneficiaries.

Residential tenancies laws

• Set minimum standards for landlords and tenants
• Regulate rent, security deposits, and notices
• Protect tenants from retaliatory eviction

Minimum housing standards

• Ensure that properties are safe, sanitary, and livable
• Protect tenants from health and safety code violations

Privacy laws

• Require landlords and housing providers to get consent before collecting, using, or sharing personal information or entering the rented property

Some countries have National Housing Laws which promotes new construction, repairs, and improvements and requires the government to implement policies and programs that ensure everyone has the right to housing

IMMIGRATION LAW

Immigration laws are the rules that govern who can enter and leave a country, and what their rights and responsibilities are once they are there. They also cover the conditions under which someone can be removed from a country.

Immigration laws include:

• Entry and exit: The rights of entry and exit, including whether you are entering as a student, visitor, spouse, etc., the duration of stay, and freedom of movement.
• Internal rights: The right to participate in commerce or government.
• Removal: The conditions under which someone can be removed from a country.
• Sponsorship: The process by which citizens and permanent residents can sponsor loved ones to join them.
• Refugee protection: The laws and regulations that protect refugees.

Nationality laws refer to the rules that govern becoming a citizen of a country. You need a lawyer to do it the right way.

Whether you have migrated to a new country or are planning to migrate to another country, you need the services of a lawyer. Every country has its own Immigration and Nationality laws with different legal routes to achieve your migration plans or settlement in your new country of residence. Sometimes, failure to hire a lawyer in good time may lead to making avoidable costly mistakes.

INHERITANCE LAW

Inheritance laws are the rules that govern how a deceased person's assets are distributed to their heirs or beneficiaries. These laws vary by country, state and province.

How inheritance laws work:

• If the deceased person leaves a valid will, their assets are distributed to the beneficiaries named in the will.
• If the deceased person dies without a will, their assets are distributed based on the country, state, or province's rules. This is called dying intestate.
• The government taxes the deceased person's estate before any money is released to the beneficiaries.

Other terms related to inheritance laws:

• Law of succession:The branch of civil law that deals with inheritance in continental European countries
• Probate law:A term sometimes used to describe or associate with inheritance law in the United States, UK, Canada and other countries
• Law of decedents' estates:A term that's gaining popularity to describe inheritance law
• Human rights:Protects employees from discrimination and other human rights violations
• Termination: Provides protection in case of termination, including notice or pay in lieu of notice

INSURANCE LAW

Insurance laws are legal framework governing the insurance business and its contracts. It includes laws, regulations, and rules that insurance companies and policyholders must abide by. Insurance law has three broad categories: regulation of insurance companies, insurance contracts, and insurance litigation and claim handling.

Insurance policy is a contact drafted by mainly lawyers for the insurance company. If you are taking insurance policy or making insurance claim, you need a lawyer.

INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY LAW

Intellectual property laws protect and enforce the rights of creators and owners of inventions, writings, music, designs, and other works. There are several areas of intellectual property, including copyright, trademarks, patents, and trade secrets.

Copyright law protects the rights of creators in their works in fine arts, publishing, entertainment, and computer software. These laws protect the owner of the work if others copy, present, or display the owner's work without permission.

Trademark law protects a word, phrase, symbol, or design that is used by an entity to identify its product or service.

Patent law grants protection for new inventions, which can be products, processes, or designs, and provides a mechanism for protecting the invention.

Trade secrets are business practices, formulas, designs, or processes used in a business, designed specifically to provide a competitive advantage to a business. These trade secrets are protected by law, and breach of them has consequences. Protect your rights and enforce them.

MEDIA LAW

Media law is a law that regulates media production and use. It includes laws made to regulated mass media. Issues of censorship, copyright, defamation, broadcast law, breach of privacy, and antitrust law are part of Media Law.

Media law can also encompass many different types of media including broadcast television, internet, and print media. Media law may involve the types of legal issues that might arise during the production or consumption of various types of media.

OTHERS LAW

PERSONAL INJURY LAW

Personal injury law is a type of civil law that deals with injuries caused by another person's negligence or intentional actions. This can include injuries resulting from car accidents, medical malpractice, defective products, workplace accidents, injuries caused by someone's animal, or injuries sustained on someone’s premises or in public places. Personal injuries are often physical, such as a broken leg, whiplash, or a traumatic brain injury, but they can also include other non-physical injuries.

The damages and compensation in a personal injury case include:

• Medical bills
• Pain and suffering
• Loss of earnings
• Housekeeping and home maintenance
• Past and future employment losses
• Out-of-pocket expenses

Personal injury cases may be resolved by settlement or court trial. There are time limits to bring a claim, so you must act fast.

Knowing the appropriate amount to pay as compensation requires the services of lawyers. Getting appropriate compensation for personal injury can be challenging.

PROFESSIONAL REGULATION LAW

PROFESSIONAL REGULATION LAWS

Professional regulation laws are a set of rules that govern the practice of a profession. These laws are intended to protect the public by ensuring that professionals meet certain standards of conduct, ethics, and competence. If you are a member of a profession, you need a lawyer to assist in matters involving your customers/clients/patients and regulatory bodies. Doctors, lawyers, nurses, pharmacists and other professions need to comply with high standard of service and may be accused of failure to meet the required standards. Engage services of a lawyer early in the process.

PROPERTY LAW

Property law is a set of rules that define who owns property, how it can be used, and how it can be transferred. Property law applies to both tangible and intangible property.

Tangible property includes land, buildings, vehicles, and personal belongings.

Intangible property copyrights, trademarks, bank accounts, and investments.

Property law protects a person's wealth and independence. It also allows people to exchange property through contracts. This includes buying and selling of immoveable properties like land and houses, and rights connected to land and houses.

TAX LAW

The power to impose taxes is generally recognized as a right of governments. Tax Law covers the rules, policies, and laws that oversee the taxation process, direct and indirect taxes including property value, transactions, estates of the deceased, licenses granting a right and/or income, and duties on imports from foreign countries.

Tax Laws is considered complicated. If you are concerned about charged tax or have issues with government regarding tax you need a lawyer.